My transition from a J1 visa to a Green Card: As a postdoc on a J1 visa until 2022, I see value in sharing my journey to benefit fellow J1 visa postdocs aspiring to apply for a green card and become permanent residents in the United States. In the upcoming posts, I'll also detail the initial step of the J1 visa to green card process – filing Form I-140 and I-485. But before we delve into that, I encountered several questions while transitioning from a J1 visa to a green card that initially puzzled me. This blog addresses those questions, and I invite you to read them. Feel free to comment if you have additional questions that you'd like me to address. I am not an attorney, but I am sharing my experience and will do my best to answer your questions. Table of Contents: J1 Visa to Green Card Introduction J1 Visa to Green Card Timeline Requirement of J1 Waiver J1 to EB1a J1 to EB1b Employer-sponsored Green Card EB1a and EB1b Categories Green Card Lawyers J1 Visa to Green Card Timeline The timeline for a J1 visa to a green card can range from a minimum of one year to several years. The J1 visa to green card timeline is unpredictable and depends on various factors, such as: Where You Were Born: If you were born in India or China, it might take longer because there are many people in line. Your Citizenship and Birthplace: If you're from India or China but were born in another country, it might be a bit easier. Birthplace matters. Type of Green Card: There are different types, like EB1a/EB1b or EB2 NIW, and they each have their timelines. Premium Processing: If you choose premium processing, when applying for step 1 (I-140), it will speed up the process. J1 Waiver Time: If you need a J1 waiver, that will add some time. Getting Documents Ready: Collecting all the documents, and preparing petition letters and recommendation letters you need for your green card application takes time. Priority Date: This is like reserving your spot in line. If your line moves faster, you might get your green card sooner. At the end of the day, what matters is initiating the process without thinking about when you'll receive the green card. It's a lengthy journey, and securing a priority date is crucial. Can a J1 visa apply for a green card? Yes, it is possible to begin the J1 visa to green card application process while holding a J1 visa, but not every J1 visa holder qualifies. Meeting specific criteria is essential to enhance the chances of green card approval. The EB2 category, while facing a long backlog, generally has fewer obstacles. In contrast, the EB1 category is relatively faster but demands higher credentials. Opting for an employer-sponsored green card involves comparatively fewer criteria compared to self-filing. Related: EB1 Extraordinary Ability Examples Do I need to obtain a waiver before I initiate the J1 visa to green card process? Most J1 visas are subject to the 2-year home residency rule. However, to apply for the first step of a green card (i.e., I-140 filing), one does not need to have a J1 waiver in hand. Briefly, the J1 visa to green card process is divided into two steps: Step 1: I-140 filing Step 2: I-485 filing It's essential to obtain the J1 waiver before applying for I-485 i.e. adjustment of status. You can initiate the green card process concurrently with a J1 waiver or even before that, as both stages of the green card process are time-consuming. Is it feasible to initiate the J1 to EB1a green card process while on a J1 visa? Yes, definitely! I did the same, assuming you have a strong research profile with a substantial number of citations, publications, grants/patents, involvement in reviewing several papers, editorial memberships, awards, and membership in reputable societies, etc. EB1a is a self-petition, and if you possess an outstanding profile, why not consider it? My credentials were based on the following criteria: Google Scholar Published papers Citation Index Editor Reviewer Is it feasible to initiate the J1 to EB1b green card process while on a J1 visa? Yes, it is feasible to initiate the J1 to EB1b green card process while on a J1 visa. If your employer is willing to sponsor you, then you can apply for a J1 visa to green card transition through the EB1b category, as EB1b is employer-backed. This category, specifically designed for outstanding professors and researchers, enables individuals to pursue a green card through employer sponsorship. However, it's essential to meet the specific eligibility criteria for the EB1b category to ensure a successful application. As a postdoc, may I request my university to file for an EB1b Green Card? Yes, absolutely. You can negotiate with your boss or university and see if they are willing to file for an EB1b green card on your behalf. I know postdoc friends whose universities have filed EB1b green cards for them. Is the EB1a or EB1b green card category easier to obtain? Tough to answer, but it depends on one's profile and the evaluating officer for their I-140 petition. In short, consider the following before you decide on the EB1a or EB1b green card category: To file for EB1a green card, you need to pay all the required fees (💰). However, if you have an employer, you can save a lot of money. For an EB1a green card, one needs to fulfill 3 out of 10 criteria determined by USCIS. On the other hand, with an EB1b green card, you only need to fulfill 2 criteria since an employer is backing you. Choosing EB1b may have some advantages, but it doesn't guarantee 100% approval, in the end, your case is at the discretion of the evaluating officer. Can EB2 be converted to EB1? Yes, it is possible to convert from EB2 to EB1. For example, if someone initially applied for a green card under the EB-2 category but later meets the criteria for EB-1 (such as excelling in a particular field, being an outstanding professor or researcher, or becoming a manager in a large company), they can switch their application to EB-1. Additionally, their priority date remains the same as the EB2 application. Is it better to transition from a J1 visa to an H1B visa and then apply for a green card? It is a personal choice; I obtained my green card while on a J1 visa after securing the J1 waiver, and I know some friends who followed the same path. Additionally, I am aware of a few friends who transitioned to an H1B visa to gain time and enhance their profiles, aiming to qualify for the EB1 green card category. I recently moved to the US on a J1 visa; do I need to wait for some time before I initiate the J1 visa to green card process? There is no specific limit; it depends on one's profile and situation and when one feels comfortable starting the process. If you think your profile needs improvement, it's better to wait for some time, enhance your profile, and then initiate the process. Should I hire a lawyer for the J1 visa to green card transition, or should I self-file? It's a personal choice as well. If you feel confident in drafting a petition letter and responding to USCIS's RFE or NOID (request for further evidence/Notice of intent to deny) in case you receive one after filing, you can handle it yourself. However, if you prefer not to stress about anything, hiring a lawyer is an ideal choice. Can you suggest a lawyer for transitioning from a J1 visa to a green card? Is it better to opt for a large and well-known firm? Again, it is your choice. Google is filled with a list of attorneys, and you can choose based on someone's recommendation or reviews, etc. More or less, what all lawyers do is pretty much similar, so you can decide. I'm sharing some of the firms that my friends and I have opted for, but there are undoubtedly many more out there. Every lawyer offers a free resume evaluation, so please contact them, talk to them, and then decide. Note that I am not receiving any benefits from mentioning these names. Chen Immigration Ellis porter Jasmine Kai How much does it cost to get a green card with a lawyer? The total cost of green card processing will depend on the firm you choose, but it's likely to be similar across different firms. I hired a lawyer for both EB1A and EB2 NIW, which resulted in a discount for processing both cases. If you decide to file only one case, the fees may vary. I-140 Attorney Fee (filing EB1A & EB2-NIW both): $6,000 USCIS Filing Fee: $715 for each case I-485 Attorney Fee: $1,500 for the primary applicant & $1,200 for each derivative applicant USCIS Fee: $1,440 per person (except for minors) and $950 for minors if the child files their I-485 petition with any one parent Please note that these fees are subject to change based on lawyers and USCIS guidelines. If I obtain a green card, will my dependents on J2 visas automatically receive it, or do they need to file for a J2 visa to green card separately? Yes, if the primary applicant obtains the green card, dependents (spouse/kids) will also receive the green card, provided you have filed an I-485 petition for all the dependents. Can J1 visa holders apply for the green card lottery? Yes, J1 visa holders are generally eligible to participate in the Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery, also known as the green card lottery. The DV Lottery is an annual program run by the U.S. Department of State that provides an opportunity for individuals from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States to apply for a chance to obtain a U.S. green card. Participation in the DV Lottery does not require sponsorship from an employer, family member, or any specific qualifying relationship. However, this doesn't waive off your 2-year home residency requirement, you still need a J1 waiver before you apply for adjustment of status. Next: Green Card Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ How long can I stay after my J1 visa expires ✔ How to convert from a J1 visa to an H1B ✔ How to apply for J2 EAD Related Topics

The first step in transitioning from a J1 visa to a Green Card involves the submission of an I-140 application. Regardless of whether you are applying under the EB1 or EB2 Green Card category (Employment-Based Green Card), having a J1 waiver is not essential for filing an I-140 petition. However, a J1 waiver becomes essential in the second step of the J1 visa to Green Card process, known as Adjustment of Status, Form I-485. Related: How to obtain a J1 waiver? In this blog, I'll share my experience with the green card process for Form I-140 filing to help fellow postdocs. The first thing is to check if you qualify for the EB1 or EB2 category. I'm providing a link to the USCIS website for you to see the criteria. At first, it might seem challenging, but with a closer look, you'll discover that it's quite manageable. Remember, EB1 is the first preference for employment-based immigration. You may be eligible if you're a noncitizen with extraordinary ability, an outstanding professor or researcher, or a multinational executive or manager. Table of Contents: J1 Visa to Green Card EB1a vs EB1b EB1 Free Evaluation EB1 Extraordinary Ability Examples I-140 Application Process Summary of Contributions for Green Card Recommendation Letter for EB1 Application EB1 Petition Letter Form I-140 and Others I-140 Documents Checklist FAQs EB1a vs EB1b EB1 has two main types: EB1a and EB1b. The major difference between EB1a and EB1b is explained below: To qualify for EB1a, you need to meet a minimum of three criteria (out of ten), and you can either file yourself or have a lawyer do it for you. No employer sponsorship is needed. To qualify for EB1b, two criteria (out of six) must be met, and it requires employer sponsorship, so you can't file by yourself in this case. There is a third type also, EB1c which is for managers and executives. At times, it can be quite challenging to determine whether you qualify for the EB1 category. To address this, I have written a separate blog on EB1 Extraordinary Ability examples. You should read this to get some idea. Related: Extraordinary Ability Examples If you believe you don't meet the requirements for the EB1 category, you can invest time in enhancing your credentials, such as reviewing papers or taking on editorial roles in journals. It's not mandatory to have a large number of published papers to qualify for the EB1 category consistently. There are several other criteria that you can tailor to fit your profile. EB1 Free Evaluation Why should I go through an EB1 free evaluation? Perhaps I am not ready. You don't need to be ready for this; you should undergo an 'EB1 free evaluation' right away for the following reasons: Lawyers don't charge for EB1 evaluations; they're free. You can even try different lawyers and get their individual opinions to gain insight into where you stand. An early evaluation will give you more time to improve your credentials. Lastly, some lawyers even offer a money-back guarantee if they can't get your case approved. What is needed for an 'EB1 free evaluation'? You have the option to send your curriculum vitae (CV) for a free evaluation to an attorney who will provide feedback on your EB1 eligibility. Lawyers can also advise on areas where improvement may be needed if someone falls short of meeting the three criteria. Even if you don't qualify for EB1, lawyers will tell you if you fit for the EB2 category. I've previously listed some reputable lawyers in my blog (refer to below). If you are considering the EB1 category, hiring a lawyer is wise. Related: Transitioning from J1 Visa to Green Card EB1 Extraordinary Ability Examples These were my credentials, which you can refer to as an example of extraordinary ability for the EB1 category during the J1 visa to green card transition. Number of Publications: 47 published, 1 in submission Citation Record: 1200+ Number of Papers Reviewed: 21 Editorial/Guest Editor Board Member: 2 Journals I was on a J1 visa and working as a postdoctoral scholar when I initiated my green card application. I hired a lawyer for a free evaluation, and they informed me that I had the credentials to apply under the EB1a category. Once you are assured and satisfied with the lawyer's evaluation, you can pay them for further assistance. After payment, you can create a sign-in on their portal, where you can communicate with them and upload all the necessary documents for the attorneys to review and address any questions you may have. I-140 Application Process There are mainly two steps for filing a green card application in any category. The first one is to file the I-140 petition, and the second step is to file the I-485 for Adjustment of Status. These are the steps in the EB1 green card application process that the lawyer instructed me to follow for the I-140 petition: Summary of Contributions for Green Card Lawyers will send you a contribution template summary that you need to fill out for the green card application. Essentially, the lawyer requires a plain-language outline of your research (a summary understandable to a non-researcher), the most significant contributions of your research, the implementation of your work by others, patents or implementation of patents, awards/grants, etc. You need to provide specific examples for everything. This will help the attorney understand your work and build a stronger case for you. Recommendation Letter for EB1 Application Afterward, you need to provide a list of recommenders willing to recommend you for your EB1 application. Essentially, you need 1-2 dependent and 4-6 independent recommenders, depending on your profile. Dependent recommenders: Individuals who have worked directly with you. Independent recommenders: Individuals with whom you have never worked or studied in the same institution and who only know you through your publications and conferences. The recommenders should hold a higher position than yours. For example, if you are a postdoc, a recommendation from another postdoc may not be as effective. You need someone in a reputable position in the field. In my case, I obtained recommendations from different countries, not just the US, showcasing that my work is recognized worldwide. Along with the list of recommenders, you will need the recommender's CV. Once you have the recommenders, the attorney will draft all the recommendation letters and upload them to the portal for you to review and get signed by the recommenders. After the recommendation letters are ready, the lawyer will start drafting your petition letter. EB1 Petition Letter The EB1 petition letter explains your research summary, and achievements, and discusses your recommendation letters in detail. Essentially, it is the legal argument stating the basis for being granted a green card. The petition letter communicates with USCIS about your credentials and how you fulfill the criteria to apply for a green card. The lawyer will upload the petition letter to the portal for you to review. Form I-140 and Others Once the petition letter is finalized, the next step involves all the forms. The lawyer will assist you in filling out I-140, G28, and G1145 forms, and will ask you to review and physically sign those forms. You need to print out the forms and all supporting documents and physically mail them to your respective attorneys for their final review. They will include all exhibits in your file before sending it to USCIS. Please see the list of supporting documents at the bottom. You can also request the lawyer to print out everything for you, but additional charges may apply. In my case, the lawyer was charging $300; therefore, I decided to take the printouts and mail them to the lawyer. After carefully reviewing all the documents, the lawyer will inform you if any further changes are needed. Once everything is finalized, they will send the documents to USCIS. Once the documents reach USCIS, they will send you a hard copy of the receipt notice (I-797), which will contain a receipt number that you can use to track the case. I-140 Documents Checklist This is the checklist of documents required for filing Form I-140. I've also added some extra documents because every case is different, and having those might make your case even stronger. Copy of all forms (I-140, G28 & G-1145) USCIS Check: $715; if you opt for premium processing: $2,805 Curriculum Vitae Copy of your highest degree (Ph.D. in my case): I had to obtain a degree verification certificate since I did my Ph.D. outside the US. The first three pages of all publications Recommendation letters and Recommenders' CV (first 3 pages) Proof of peer-reviewed work (in my case, "Thank you email" received after peer review) Citation record: e.g., Google Scholar profile Evidence of Editorial Board Membership The lawyer discussed my citations in the petition letter, so I had to print out those articles too. Other documents that I uploaded to the attorney's portal: Passport front, back, and visa page copies Copies of DS-2019 Latest I-94 Each situation is different. If you have extra proof, you can include it. For instance: Proof from media or news reports Proof of getting prestigious funding Proof of receiving respected awards Proof of being a member of a professional group Proof of having a patent and putting it into action Please note that I am not a lawyer, and I followed these steps in 2020 when I was on a J1 visa. USCIS rules can change, so it's essential to check the USCIS website or consult with an attorney for updated guidance. I highly recommend hiring an attorney because they have valuable insights to strengthen your case and can guide you effectively through legal procedures. Additionally, the lawyer possesses statistics on each officer assigned by USCIS to our cases and can guide you in case you receive a Request for Further Evidence (RFE) or Notice of Intent to Deny (NOID). Look out for my next blog on Step 2, which is the I-485 filing! In the meantime, if you have any questions, feel free to drop them in the comment section below. Thank you. FAQs on J1 Visa to EB1 Green Card How to stay in the U.S. after my J1 visa expires? You have three choices depending on the time remaining on your J1 visa. The primary condition is to secure a J1 waiver if you have a 2-year home residency requirement. Without a waiver and with an expiring visa, you must leave the country right away. If you have obtained a J1 waiver, you can either convert from J1 to H1B, switch to a B2 visa, or apply for a green card well in advance. Read more. Next: Green Card (Step 2) Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ How to request premium processing for I-140? ✔ How to apply B2 visa for parents? Related Topics

The I-485 application process is the final step in transitioning from a J1 visa to a green card, a process known as Adjustment of Status. Once the I-485 is approved, you will receive your green card within 1-3 months, signifying the completion of the transition from a J1 visa to permanent residency. Table of Contents: J1 Visa to Green Card Introduction I-485 Checklist I-485 Medical Exam Submit I-485 Application I-485 Documents Required Deciding whether to engage an attorney for the I-485 filing is a personal choice. Typically, attorneys offering services for I-140 petition filing provide a comprehensive package, including all necessary steps and a document checklist for the I-485 application process. If you missed my previous blog, I would suggest you start from here: Related: I-140 Application Process While many individuals handle this step independently, the decision depends on individual circumstances. Although I-140 and I-485 can be filed concurrently, I opted to file I-485 after I-140 approval to avoid potential financial loss if the I-140 petition was denied. Due to uncertainties and doubts about certain documents, I chose to retain a lawyer for the I-485 process. Before starting the I-485 application, I had already obtained the 212(e) waiver (2-year home residency requirement). Related: How to obtain a J1 waiver? I-485 Checklist Below is the I-485 checklist required for the primary J1 applicant and derivatives in the I-485 Adjustment of Status filing process, transitioning from J1 to the Green Card. Adjustment of Status: I-485 Application for Employment Authorization: I-765 Advance Parole: I-131 Medical Examination and Vaccination Record: I-693 E-Notification: G-1145 I-485 signifies the adjustment of status to a green card, I-765 relates to employment authorization during pending I-485, and I-131 serves as an advance parole form for potential travel outside the US during pending I-140. The G-1145 form can be used to request electronic notifications from USCIS. The attorney filled out and uploaded the I-485, I-765, I-131, and G-1145 forms to the portal for review and signature by both myself and my husband. I-485 Medical Exam Regarding the I-485 medical examination and vaccination record, USCIS-affiliated doctors handle this, and you can locate the nearest one through this link. These doctors charge separate fees, not covered by primary insurance. Some doctors may even ask you to print and fill out the form before visiting them. In my case, the doctor handled the entire process. After the approval of I-140, I initiated the process by selecting the most affordable and conveniently located doctor. The doctors conduct necessary tests and, based on existing vaccination records or an antibody test, determine if additional vaccinations are required. Upon completion, the doctor's clinic provides a sealed envelope containing the I-639 form, exclusively for USCIS (DO NOT OPEN IT). A copy of the I-639 form is also given to the applicant. Submit I-485 Application To finalize the application, draft a cover letter outlining your submission and a one-page personal statement describing your current activities and plans in the USA. After assembling all documents, apply to USCIS. Upon submission, USCIS will notify you, providing a receipt number for all three cases. After Submitting I-485 Expect a biometrics appointment in 1-3 months, where USCIS collects fingerprints, photos, and signatures for electronic capture. Some cases may receive interview notices, but exemptions may apply, as was the case during my process amid COVID-19. Even if an interview occurs, it's typically straightforward, with questions focusing on your work and related matters. I-485 Document Required Below are the documents required for the I-485 application in the J1 to green card transition process: Copies of all DS-2019 Copies of passport J1 waiver approval notice Last 4 pay stubs Birth certificate All visas ever issued Employment letter I-94 All filled forms I-140 approval notice Marriage certificate Personal statement Feel free to drop a comment if you have any doubts—I'm happy to help! Next: How to Expedite GC Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ How long can I stay after my J1 visa expires ✔ J1 visa waiver application process ✔ How to convert from a J1 visa to H1B Related Topics

Changing status from J1 to H1B visa is possible if the J1 visa holder has obtained a waiver (refer to this I-612 approval notice from USCIS), or you have fulfilled the 2-year home residency requirement or you are not subjected to the 2-year home residency requirement at all. Related: How to know if I'm subjected to 2-year rule? J1 exchange visitor scholars can maintain J1 visa status for a maximum of 5 years. If you work in an academy, and your J1 visa is set to expire soon, and you wish to remain in the US after its completion, you must file for a J1 to H1B change of status before your J1 visa expires. Table of Contents: J1 to H1B J1 to H1B Without Waiver Academic H1B to Industry H1B J1 to H1B for Postdoc J1 to H1B Change of Status J2 to H4 Change of Status J1 to H1B Processing Time J1 to H1B Transfer Fees J1 to H1B Without Waiver J1 visa holders cannot convert to an H1B visa without a waiver if they are subject to a 2-year home residency rule. Before applying for an H1B visa, J1 visa holders must meet one of the following conditions: Obtain a waiver from the US Department of State, i.e., I-612 approval notice from USCIS. Fulfill the two-year home residency requirement as required for J1 exchange visitors. Academic H1B to Industry H1B After acquiring an academic H1B, many individuals eventually transition to the industry. The shift from academic H1B to industry H1B offers unique advantages like: Academic H1B is cap-exempt from the annual quota applicable to private employers. Academic H1B is not subject to the regular lottery process seen in industry H1B. Furthermore, academic H1Bs can be filed at any time during the year, providing greater flexibility compared to the industry H1B. J1 to H1B for Postdoc If you're a postdoc and want to switch from J1 to H1B, talk to your boss and the International Office well in advance to see if they are willing to sponsor you for an H1B. If they agree, submit the H1B petition at least 6 months before your J1 program ends to avoid any interruption in your work visa. J1 to H1B Change of Status The steps for changing status from a J1 visa to an H1B can vary among different universities, but the general criteria remain consistent. International offices at universities or institutes may request the submission of specific documents, and you may need to upload these documents through the international office's online system. These are the documents required for the change of status from J1 to H1B: Copies of all degrees or diplomas; if not in English, include a certified English translation. Resume/CV. Credentials evaluation (Highest degree) if obtained outside the US. Latest I-94. Copies of passport and visa pages. DS-2019 (if currently on J1 visa). USCIS Waiver approval notice (Form I-612). Last 6 months' pay stubs. J2 to H4 Change of Status If you have dependents, you can either file for H4 along with the primary H1B petition or opt for a J2 to H4 change of status after the H1B approval. It's advisable to get the International Office's opinion as each case is different. Also, sometimes universities do not pay for a dependent's visa. Regardless, the following documents are required for the H4 visa application. Marriage certificate (include certified English translation if not in English) Birth certificate (for the child, if any) Copies of passport pages and visa Latest I-94 Copy of DS-2019 Proof of any other visa type (if held previously) Completed Form I-539 Check for $470 (please check the USCIS website for any updates) Upon submitting all required documents to your university's international office, they will prepare an LCA (Labor Condition Agreement) for you. The "Department of Labor" must certify it before processing your H1B petition, a step your employer will handle on your behalf, taking approximately one to two months. Subsequently, your international office will submit your H1B application to the USCIS along with supporting documents and filing fees (checks). J1 to H1B Processing Time The standard processing time for J1 to H1B conversion typically ranges from 2 to 10 months, and in some cases, even longer, as the USCIS timeline can vary. Opting for H1B premium processing, however, usually results in a response from USCIS within 15 days, with an additional fee of $2,805. J1 to H1B Transfer Fees Your university should cover all the fees for J1 to H1B transfer, and ultimately, these expenses will be deducted from your professor's funding, based on my understanding. Behind the scenes, the International Office may apply additional charges to prepare your case, and these will also be drawn from your professor's funding. Discuss with your boss to determine if they are willing to opt for premium processing, as it incurs an extra cost of $2,805. University policies vary—some cover H4 dependents' fees, while others may request H1B holders to pay for their dependents. Please check with your employer for clarification. Please note that I am not an attorney; I am sharing my journey to assist readers. Ensure thorough discussions with your employer well in advance and have all necessary documents prepared. Feel free to drop any questions in the comment section, and I'll do my best to provide answers. Next: J1 Waiver Process Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ J1 visa to a Green Card ✔ How to apply for a tourist visa for parents Related Topics

USCIS Premium Processing offers a way to expedite your application for an additional fee. In this blog, I'll explain premium processing for OPT EAD (I-765), Green Card (I-140), NIW, and Change of Status (I-539). I'll cover eligible categories for requesting premium processing, their fees, and processing times. Additionally, I-129 applications also qualify for premium processing. Table of Contents: USCIS Premium Processing USCIS premium processing I-907 premium processing I-907 processing fee & eligible applications Premium processing for I-765 Premium processing for I-539 Premium Processing for I-140, Green Card, EB2 NIW FAQs on premium processing USCIS Premium Processing USCIS premium processing service promises that USCIS will take specific actions on your petition or application within a specific amount of time. The duration of the processing timeframe and fee are based on the classification or category requested. It's important to understand that requesting premium processing doesn't guarantee that your case will be approved within the promised timeframe, but it will result in one of the following outcomes: Issuance of an approval notice Issuance of a denial notice Receipt of a notice of intent to deny (NOID) Request for evidence (RFE) If USCIS issues a notice of intent to deny or a request for evidence, the premium processing timeframe will pause and will resume with a new timeframe once USCIS receives a response to the notice of intent to deny or the request for evidence. Once your case is approved or denied, the premium processing request is considered completed. Now, let's discuss when you can request premium processing and when you cannot. You may file your request for Premium Processing Service along with the applicable petition or application. You may also file the request for Premium Processing Service after you have submitted the applicable petition or application, as long as USCIS has not made a final decision on it. Read more. However, you cannot request Premium Processing Service for a petition or application that has been reopened after an initial decision has been made on it. I-907 Premium Processing Your next question might be, 'How can I request USCIS premium processing service?' Well, that's where Form I-907 comes into play. The purpose of Form I-907 is to apply for Premium Processing Service for eligible petitions or applications, and I'll provide detailed information on which applications qualify for premium processing shortly. You can obtain the I-907 form for free by downloading it from the USCIS website; the latest version is available for download here. If you don't have internet access, you can also request USCIS to mail a form to you. Additional information on this can be found here. Please note that the mailing service is available only within the US. I-907 Processing Fee & Eligible Applications You can request premium processing for the following applications using Form I-907. Please be aware that not all categories qualify, and there is an additional fee for requesting premium processing. The processing times and fees vary for each: Form I-129: Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker, with a fee ranging from $1,685 to $2,805, and a processing time of 15 days. Form I-140: Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, with a fee of $2,805, and a processing time ranging from 15 to 45 days. Form I-765: Application for Employment Authorization (limited categories), with a processing fee of $1,685, and a processing time of 30 days. Form I-539: Application to Extend/Change Nonimmigrant Status (limited categories), with a processing fee of $1,965, and a processing time of 30 days. You can also find specific details in the I-907 instructions, which I've provided a snippet of for your convenience. Remember to check the USCIS website regularly for the latest updates, as USCIS rules are subject to change. You can refer to this link for the latest updates. Premium Processing for I-765 Starting on March 6, 2023, USCIS began offering premium processing for I-765 for F-1 students. It's important to note that not all categories qualify for EAD premium processing. Form I-765, used for EAD (Employment Authorization Document) applications, supports premium processing only for (c)(3)(A), (c)(3)(B), and (c)(3)(C) categories. Premium processing time is 30 days with an additional fee of $1,685. You have the option to apply for premium processing either online or by mail. My previous blog provides information on how to request this service online. (c)(3)(A): F-1 student, pre-completion Optional Practical Training (c)(3)(B): F-1 student, post-completion Optional Practical Training (c)(3)(C): F-1 student, 24-month extension for STEM Optional Practical Training Premium Processing for I-539 Now, a similar restriction applies to I-539 premium processing as well. Form I-539, which is used to file a change of status, can be requested for premium processing for applicants seeking change of status to F-1, F-2, M-1, M-2, J-1, J-2, E-1, E-2, E-3, L-2, H-4, O-3, P-4, and R-2. Premium processing time is 30 days with an additional fee of $1,965. Academic Students or Dependents of F-1 Vocational Students or Dependents of M-1 Exchange Visitors or Dependents of J-1 Premium Processing for I-140, Green Card, EB2 NIW Premium processing service is available for the initial step of green card processing, specifically for I-140 under EB-1, EB-2, and EB-3. However, the second step, which involves the adjustment of status through I-485, does not qualify for premium processing. But you can expedite it. The fee for premium processing of Form I-140 is $2,805, and it comes with a processing period of 15 calendar days for EB-1 (E11, E12), EB-2 (E21 non-NIW), or EB-3 (E31, E32, EW3) immigrant classification. These are the eligible categories: E11: Aliens of extraordinary ability E12: Outstanding professors and researchers E21: Members of professions with advanced degrees or exceptional ability (non-NIW) E31: Skilled workers E32: Professionals EW3: Workers other than skilled workers and professionals Premium processing is eligible starting Jan 30, 2023, for NIW categories. The fee for premium processing of Form I-140 is $2,805, and it comes with a processing period of 45 calendar days for EB-1 (E13) or EB-2 (E21 NIW) immigrant classification. These are the eligible categories: E13: Multinational executives and managers E21: Members of professions with advanced degrees or exceptional ability (NIW) FAQs on USCIS Premium Processing When will H-4 premium processing start? Form DS-160 is used to apply for an H-4 visa, and as of September 2023, there is no premium processing available for this application. Furthermore, USCIS has not provided a specific future date for this service. However, if you have filed your H-4 application along with the H-1B application using premium processing, your case can be processed in 15 days. Additionally, H-4 EAD, also known as Form I-765, is not eligible for premium processing. But if you apply for H-4 EAD along with the primary applicant's H-1B application in premium processing, your case can be processed in 15 days under the Edakunni settlement. Read more. How to request premium processing for I-485? As of September 2023, there is no premium processing service available for I-485 applications. Form I-485 is a green card application used for the adjustment of status, and it's the final step in receiving a permanent resident card in the US. Next: H4 EAD Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ How to apply for B2 visa for parents ✔ How to apply for a minor's passport Related Topics

What is Big Data Architecture? How to define Big Data Architecture? What is the need for Big Data Architecture? What are various ways to ingest, transform, enrich & publish Big Data? There are several questions about it. Let's explore a few sample big data architectures. Main menu: Spark Scala Tutorial With glittering new tools in the market and myriad buzzwords surrounding data operations, consumers of information often overlook the building process, believing insights gleaned from data are instantaneous and automated. We live in the “pre-AI” age where clear answers to qualitative questions from quantitative analysis require human intervention. Yes, advanced data science gives us extensive means to visualize and cross-sect, but humans still need to ask questions logically and find the significance of resulting insights. Please note that the architecture above is just a sample architecture that varies depending upon the nature of data and client requirements. We will discuss it in detail shortly. What is the need for Big Data Architecture? Big data architecture is designed to handle the ingestion, enrichment & processing of raw structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data that is too large or complex for traditional database systems or data warehousing systems. The three V's - volume, velocity & variety - are the most common properties of Big Data architecture. Whether we end up electing well-known Kappa or Lambda architecture of big data architecture - understanding the three V's and the nature of data plays a very crucial role in our big data architecture. For instance, If the velocity of data is very low or volume is very low why don't we go with traditional database systems? Instead, I have seen organizations rushing towards transforming their traditional data warehouse systems into big data architectures because it's shining in the market. Let's categorize Big Data Architecture Workloads Real-time processing, Data sources like IoT devices - I would rather say it's "near" real-time processing (Ingestion & Enrichment will take a few seconds). If the solution includes real-time sources, the architecture must include a way to capture and store real-time messages for stream processing. Usually, these streams are carried out using Apache Kafka & Zookeeper pair, Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), JBoss, RabbitMQ, IBM Websphere MQ, Microsoft Messaging Queue, etc. Kappa architecture is famous for this type of workload. Batch processing - Because the data sets are so large, often a big data architecture solution must process data files using long-running batch jobs to filter, aggregate, and otherwise prepare the data for analysis. Usually, these jobs involve reading source files, processing them, and writing the output to new files. Options include running U-SQL (Unstructured SQL) jobs in Azure Data Lake Analytics, using Hive, Pig, or custom Map/Reduce jobs in an HDInsight Hadoop cluster, or using Java, Scala, or Python programs in an HDInsight Spark cluster. Lambda architecture is generally used for this. Machine learning & Predictive analytics - A common misconception is that predictive analytics and machine learning are the same thing. This is not the case. At its core, predictive analytics encompasses a variety of statistical techniques (including machine learning, predictive modeling, and data mining) and uses statistics (both historical and current) to estimate, or ‘predict’, future outcomes. Machine learning, on the other hand, is a sub-field of computer science that gives ‘computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed’. Machine learning evolved from the study of pattern recognition and explores the notion that algorithms can learn from and make predictions on data. And, as they begin to become more ‘intelligent’, these algorithms can overcome program instructions to make highly accurate, data-driven decisions. R, Python & Scala are popular languages to work with these workloads. Big Data Architecture Backbone: Data Refinement is the Key! Serious data scientists need to make data refinement their priority and break down the data work into three steps: Data Ingestion, or call it Data Collection layer - People use different terminologies for the first layer. However, the main focus of this layer is to choose the right technology depending on Big Data architecture workload and project requirements. If the requirement demands real-time processing we can use Kafka or any other real-time MQ systems mentioned earlier. If the source is just a flat file that is generated a few times a day, go with a simple file transfer protocol. In the end, don't forget money and third-party vendor technology support matters as well. Data Enrichment, Transformation, Processing & Refinement - To be instrumentally useful, data must be converted into “answers” to questions. In other words, Big Data must get smaller after passing the second layer. Don't pile up raw data which is not in question as it's going to dramatically slow down your process over a period. Data Publish, or Delivery so called the Presentation Layer - Deliver the answers through optimized channels in proper formats and frequency. This layer includes reporting, visualization, data exploration, ad-hoc querying, and export datasets. Visualization through Tableau, QlikView, etc, reporting through BOBJ, SSRS, etc, ad-hoc querying using Hive, Impala, Spark SQL, etc. Further, the choice of technology depends upon end users - different users like administrators, business users, vendors, partners, etc. demand data in different formats. Data Storage Hadoop distributed file system is the most commonly used storage framework in Big Data architecture, others are the NoSQL data stores – MongoDB, HBase, Cassandra, etc. One of the salient features of Hadoop storage is its capability to scale, self-manage, and self-heal. Things to consider while planning storage methodology: Type of data (historical or incremental) Format of data ( structured, semi-structured, and unstructured) The analytical requirement that storage can support (synchronous & asynchronous) Compression requirements Frequency of incoming data Query pattern on the data Consumers of the data Thank you! Hope you enjoyed the blog! Next: What are Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Predictive Analytics, and Data Science? Navigation menu ​1. Apache Spark and Scala Installation 1.1 Spark installation on Windows​ 1.2 Spark installation on Mac 2. Getting Familiar with Scala IDE 2.1 Hello World with Scala IDE​ 3. Spark data structure basics 3.1 Spark RDD Transformations and Actions Example 4. Spark Shell 4.1 Starting Spark shell with SparkContext example​ 5. Reading data files in Spark 5.1 SparkContext Parallelize and read textFile method 5.2 Loading JSON file using Spark Scala 5.3 Loading TEXT file using Spark Scala 5.4 How to convert RDD to dataframe? 6. Writing data files in Spark ​6.1 How to write a Single CSV file in Spark 7. Spark streaming 7.1 Word count example Scala 7.2 Analyzing Twitter Texts 8. Sample Big Data Architecture with Apache Spark 9. What are Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Predictive Analytics, and Data Science? 10. Spark Interview Questions and Answers

The Expedite Request letter for USCIS EAD applications typically comes from the employer or the applicant themselves, depending on the situation. We will go through a few samples in the next section. By employer: If the Expedite Request is based on the employer's need for the employee to continue working due to critical projects or business operations, then the employer would provide the letter. By applicant: If the Expedite Request is due to personal circumstances of the applicant, such as severe financial hardship or medical emergencies, then the applicant would provide the letter. Combination: In some cases, both the employer and the applicant may collaborate on drafting the Expedite letter to provide comprehensive justification for the request. This has the highest chance of approval. Table of Contents: USCIS Expedite Request Sample Letter USCIS Expedite Request Sample Letter by Employer Sample Template Sample Letter USCIS Expedite Request Sample Letter by Applicant Sample Template Sample Letter How to Write an Expedite Letter? Documents Required FAQs USCIS Expedite Request Sample Letter by Employer In situations where an employer requests an Expedite request for a USCIS EAD application on behalf of an employee, a well-crafted letter is important. Below are the sample template and letter for expedited requests. SAMPLE TEMPLATE [Employer Letterhead] [Date] [USCIS Address] Dear Sir/Madam, Subject: Expedite Request for [Employee's Full Name]'s Employment Authorization Document (EAD) Application I am writing on behalf of [Company Name] regarding the Employment Authorization Document (EAD) application of our employee, [Employee's Full Name], currently pending with USCIS. [Briefly explain the employee's role and importance within the company, emphasizing any critical projects or business operations they are involved in.] We respectfully request expedited processing of [Employee's Full Name]'s EAD application due to [provide specific reasons, such as impending project deadlines, crucial business needs, or contractual obligations that necessitate the employee's continued employment]. The delay in receiving the EAD approval has the potential to significantly impact our operations and [briefly describe potential consequences, such as project delays or financial losses]. [Optionally, include any supporting documentation or evidence, such as project timelines, contracts, or letters from clients, to strengthen the Expedite request.] We understand the USCIS's commitment to processing applications efficiently and appreciate your consideration of this Expedite Request. If further information is required, please do not hesitate to contact me at [Employer's Contact Information]. Thank you for your attention to this matter. Sincerely, [Employer's Name] [Employer's Position] [Company Name] [Contact Information] SAMPLE LETTER Subject: Expedite Request for I-765 Application for Employment Authorization Dear Officer, I am writing to request expedited processing and adjudication of the pending I-765 Application for Employment Authorization for [Your Name], our valued employee. The receipt number for this application is [insert receipt no.]. [Your Name] faces a potential lapse in employment authorization if the Employment Authorization Document (EAD) is not issued before [date]. [Your Company Name] is respectfully seeking your assistance in expediting [Your Name]'s application. [Your Name] holds a pivotal role in [brief description of your role or critical project involvement], contributing significantly since [date]. Failure to receive timely authorization will disrupt critical projects, incurring financial loss to the company. Efforts to bridge this gap by hiring temporary replacements have proven ineffective due to [Your Name]'s unique understanding of the company's internal functions and workflows, cultivated over several years of dedicated service. We sincerely appreciate your prompt attention to this matter and your assistance in expediting the adjudication of this application and issuance of the EAD. Sincerely, [Your Manager's Name] [Your Manager's Contact Information] [Your Manager's Signature] USCIS Expedite Request Sample Letter by Applicant When personal circumstances necessitate expediting a USCIS EAD application, applicants may need to submit a request directly. Below is a sample letter template for applicants facing urgent situations. SAMPLE TEMPLATE [Your Full Name] [Your Address] [City, State, Zip Code] [Your Email Address] [Your Phone Number] [Date] [USCIS Address] Dear Sir/Madam, Subject: Expedite Request for I-765 Application for Employment Authorization I am writing to request expedited processing of my pending I-765 Application for Employment Authorization. The receipt number for my application is [insert receipt number]. I am facing significant challenges that require urgent resolution, and I kindly ask for your assistance in expediting the adjudication of my application. [Provide a brief explanation of the urgent circumstances prompting the Expedite Request. This could include severe financial hardship, medical emergencies, impending job loss, or other compelling reasons.] [If applicable, provide any supporting documentation or evidence to strengthen the Expedite Request, such as medical records, letters from employers, or affidavits.] I understand that USCIS carefully considers expedited requests and hope that my situation warrants expedited processing. Your prompt attention to this matter would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, [Your Full Name] SAMPLE LETTER Subject: Expedite Request Due to Financial Hardship for EAD Application Dear [USCIS Officer's Name], I am writing to request expedited processing of my Employment Authorization Document (EAD) application, which was filed on [insert filing date]. The receipt number for my application is [insert receipt number]. My current EAD is set to expire on [insert expiration date], and I am facing significant financial hardship if the renewal is not approved promptly. I am the primary breadwinner for my family, and any delay in receiving my EAD renewal will have severe financial consequences for us. Below, I outline the specific financial obligations that I must meet and the losses I will incur if my EAD is not approved on time: Mortgage/Housing Loan: I am responsible for paying the mortgage on our family home. Failure to maintain timely payments may lead to foreclosure, jeopardizing our stability and security. Car Loan: I have an outstanding loan for our family vehicle. The inability to make payments on time may result in repossession, hindering our ability to commute to work and fulfill essential responsibilities. Child Care Expenses: We have childcare expenses for our children, which are necessary to allow my spouse to work and contribute to our family income. Any disruption in childcare arrangements due to financial constraints will impact our children's well-being and our ability to work. Other Financial Obligations: Additionally, we have various other financial commitments, including utility bills, groceries, and healthcare expenses, which must be met to ensure the health and safety of our family. The delay in processing my EAD renewal has already caused significant stress and uncertainty for my family. Without the ability to work legally, I will be unable to fulfill my financial obligations and provide for my family's basic needs. This situation not only poses a threat to our financial stability but also impacts our emotional well-being and quality of life. I have attached supporting documents, including mortgage statements, loan agreements, childcare invoices, and other relevant financial records, to demonstrate the urgency and necessity of expediting my EAD renewal application. I sincerely appreciate your attention to this matter and kindly request your assistance in expediting the processing of my EAD renewal application. Your prompt action will alleviate the financial burden and anxiety my family is currently experiencing. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, [Your Name] [Your Contact Information] [Attachments] How to Write Expedite Letter for USCIS? Crafting an expedited letter for USCIS requires attention to detail and clarity to effectively convey the urgency of your situation. Follow these steps to write a compelling expedited letter. Subject Line and Introduction: Clearly state the purpose of the letter, such as "Expedite Request for [Type of Application] Application". Begin with a polite salutation, addressing the appropriate USCIS officer or department. Provide your name, the applicant's name, and any relevant identification numbers (e.g., receipt number). Consider adding a sentence expressing appreciation for the USCIS officer's time and consideration. Reason for Expedite Request: Explain why expedited processing is necessary. Describe the potential consequences if the request is not granted, such as financial hardship or disruption of critical projects. Provide any supporting documentation, such as letters from employers or medical professionals, if applicable. Employer's Role (if applicable): If the expedited request is related to employment, briefly explain the applicant's role within the company. Highlight the importance of the applicant's continued employment for the company's operations or projects. Financial Impact (if applicable): Provide details about the financial impact of any delays in processing the application. Include information about the applicant's salary, bonuses, or any other financial considerations. Previous Attempts (if applicable): Mention any previous attempts to mitigate the situation, such as hiring temporary replacements, and explain why they were unsuccessful. Closing: Express gratitude for considering the request and for any assistance provided. Provide your contact information in case USCIS needs further clarification or documentation. Attachments: If applicable, list any documents or supporting evidence attached to the letter, such as letters from employers or medical professionals. Documents Required to Support Expedite Request When submitting an expedited request to USCIS, including relevant supporting documents can significantly strengthen your case. Below are the key documents you may need to include to support your expedited request. Employment Letter: A letter from the employer stating the critical role of the applicant in ongoing projects or operations, and the potential impact on the company if the application is not processed promptly. Medical Documentation: Medical reports or letters from healthcare professionals explaining the urgent medical condition of the applicant or a family member, demonstrating the need for expedited processing. Financial Records: Bank statements, tax returns, or other financial documents illustrating the financial hardship that would result from delays in processing the application, such as loss of income or inability to meet financial obligations. Travel Itineraries: Travel tickets or itineraries showing imminent travel plans that require valid immigration status, such as a scheduled flight or visa expiration date. Employment Contracts: Copies of employment contracts or agreements showing the terms of employment, including start dates, job responsibilities, and the importance of the applicant's role to the employer. Business Contracts or Agreements: Copies of business contracts, agreements, or letters of intent demonstrating the urgency of the situation, such as impending deadlines or contractual obligations that require the applicant's participation. Educational Documentation: Letters from educational institutions or academic advisors explain the need for expedited processing due to academic deadlines or requirements, such as enrollment deadlines or scholarship opportunities. Keep in mind that every USCIS officer is unique, and while a friend may have had their expedited request approved for similar reasons, there's no guarantee of the same outcome for you. USCIS officers exercise discretion, meaning decisions can vary based on individual judgment and circumstances. Ensuring that you include all necessary supporting documents can significantly enhance the effectiveness of your expedited request to USCIS. By providing clear and compelling evidence of the urgency of your situation, you increase the likelihood of a favorable outcome. Be thorough in gathering relevant documentation, including letters of explanation, proof of urgency, financial documents, employment records, medical records (if applicable), supporting letters, and any other relevant paperwork. Remember to organize your documents logically and provide clear references to support your expedited request. By presenting a comprehensive and well-supported case, you can strengthen your request for expedited processing and expedite the resolution of your immigration matter. FAQs on Expedite Request Letter Sample Can I apply for an expedited request based on job loss? Yes, you can request an expedited request due to job loss, but approval depends on the officer handling your case. To strengthen your case, ensure you demonstrate the financial challenges you will face if you don't receive your Employment Authorization Document (EAD) on time and subsequently lose your job. Which applications can be expedited? Typically, you can submit the expedited request for Form I-765, I-485, I-539, and I-131. What is the USCIS expedited request fee? 0$, there is no fee for requesting expedited requests for the USCIS application. Next: Expedite request examples Related Posts ✔ How to expedite H4 EAD? ✔ How to expedite I-485? ✔ How to apply for H4 EAD? Related Topics

Recently, I went through the Indian passport renewal process for my parents, who reside in India, while I applied from the US. I want to share my experience with others settled in the US whose parents are in India and whose passports are nearing expiry after 10 years, requiring renewal or extension. Table of Contents: Indian Passport Renewal for Parents Introduction Create Login Apply for Indian Passport Renewal Passport Type Applicant Details Family Details Present Residential Address Emergency Contact Previous Passport Other Details Passport Details Verification Self Declaration Annexures Documents Required for Indian Passport Renewal in India Payment and Appointment Passport Renewal Tracking FAQs on Indian Passport Renewal In this blog, I will provide a complete guide to the Indian passport renewal process from start to finish, along with steps you can take from the US to streamline the process for your parents in India, minimizing their involvement. Note that Indian passports can be renewed within 1 year of expiry, and these are the high-level steps: Create a login and fill out the online application form on Passport Seva's website. Pay the required fees and book an appointment. Visit the Passport office on appointment day (parents need to visit). The passport undergoes police verification. Receive the renewed passport by mail. Create Login The initial step in renewing an Indian passport online involves setting up an online account on the Passport Seva website. This account is essential for completing the passport renewal application, making fee payments, and booking appointments. You have the following two choices: Log in if you already have an account: Start here Register as a new user: Start here If the above links aren't functioning, start by clicking Start here. This will redirect you to the screenshot shown below. On the left-hand side, you'll find all the useful colorful links like new user registration, existing user login, checking appointment availability, and tracking application status. One important point is that the same portal is used for first-time passport applications and renewals. So, when your parents applied for their new passports, their old account email IDs would mostly be in the Passport Seva system. Therefore if you want, you can reset their passwords since most of us wouldn't remember a password set ten years ago. Or, during new user registration, the system will automatically throw an error if the account already exists. I was able to successfully reset my parents' account password and used the same email IDs they initially used to apply for their new passports. A few things to note before you proceed: You don't need two separate accounts to file for both parents; you can renew both parents' passports using the same account. You can use any email ID to register, but I would recommend using your parents' email addresses to keep things organized. You can submit up to 5 applications using one account. Related: B1/B2 visa rejection reasons Apply for Indian Passport Renewal Once you have successfully created the account and logged in, you will land on the applicant's home page. Here, you can select the option to "Apply for Fresh Passport/Re-issue of Passport". On the next page, you will see fresh and reissue categories for ordinary, diplomatic, and official passports. Simply click the button at the end to fill out the application form. 1. PASSPORT TYPE Afterward, it will ask for passport type. You can choose what you want to apply for. In my case, I selected the re-issue of the passport since it was about to expire in one year, and I opted for the normal service with 60 pages. Related: Indian passport renewal in the US Note that on all pages explained below, you can click on "Save my details," and then your form will be saved so that you can retrieve it later. If you have a time limit, you can choose the Tatkaal service, which allows you to obtain the passport faster with a higher processing fee of Rs 3500. For normal service, the fee is Rs 1500. Once you have finished filling out the information, you can click on the "Next" button. 2. APPLICANT DETAILS Next, you'll need to fill out the applicant's details. You can start by filling out the information for one of your parents and then repeat the same process for the other. It will ask for details such as name, place of birth, date of birth, marital status, employment type, and so on. 3. FAMILY DETAILS Next, you'll need to enter the family details. Refer to the screenshot below. Just keep in mind that you are filling out this application for your parents, so ensure that all the details provided reflect their information. 4. PRESENT RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS Next, you need to fill out the present residential address. Once you enter the address details, a dropdown list for the police station will automatically appear. You need to select the appropriate one. Ensure that you do this step correctly, as your police verification will occur before the new passport is dispatched. 5. EMERGENCY CONTACT Afterward, you have to provide emergency contact information. I provided my mom's contact details while filling out the form for my dad, and vice versa for my mom. 6. PREVIOUS PASSPORT Next, you have to fill out the previous (existing) passport details. Note that you can only apply for passport renewal one year before the expiry date. 7. OTHER DETAILS Next, fill out the other details by choosing the option "yes" or "no," depending on your case. You will notice that as you complete these steps, a green tick will appear next to them, indicating completion. Remember to keep saving details so that you can retrieve the application later. 8. PASSPORT DETAILS VERIFICATION After you submit the other details, a passport details verification page will appear, showing the information that will be included in your new passport (similar to the first and last pages of your existing passport). If everything looks correct, click on the "Next" button. 9. SELF-DECLARATION Next, complete the self-declaration. You need to choose the proof of birth from the dropdown menu and a residential address proof. Based on your case, choose the applicable Annexure and provide the required details. Then, click on "I agree" and submit the form. Once you have submitted the form, you cannot change the details. Once the application is submitted, the page will appear displaying an ARN (Application Reference Number). Congratulations! We are done with one parent. Now, repeat this entire process for the other parent. Annexure for Passport Renewal If your parents are not working, you don't need to select and submit any annexures. However, if they work in the public sector, you must submit the following. Identity Certificate (Annexure 'A') No Objection Certificate (Annexure 'G') Prior Intimation Letter (Annexure 'H') If the above links do not work, you can click here. They need to get these forms signed wherever they work (public sector); they will likely be aware of these forms. Documents Required for Indian Passport Renewal in India You can check the document requirements here for passport renewal in India. However, below are the documents that I asked my parents to carry during the appointment: Appointment receipt (print is recommended) Passport renewal application form Existing passport and its self-attested copy (first and last 2 pages) Address proof like Aadhar card, or Voter ID - Original and a copy. Annexures A, G, and H (for government employees) Employee ID card (if working) I suggested my parents carry all the IDs in original, high school certificates, whatever they could carry. However, during document verification, they specifically asked for NOC (Annexure 'G') and an Employee ID card, as my parents were working. You can also upload these documents online, but it's optional. I avoided the hassle for my parents by skipping the step of scanning and uploading the documents. Fee Payment and Appointment The next step is to make the fee payment and book an appointment. The fee is Rs. 1500 for normal service (Rs. 1000 for minors) and Rs. 3500 for Tatkal services. You can pay online using a credit/debit card, internet banking, or UPI. You can also view the available slot details before making the payment. However, your slot will be booked only after you make the final payment. Below are the steps: Navigate to the applicant's home and view saved/submitted applications from the left-hand side services panel. Select the application ARN number (generated in the previous step) and at the bottom click on "Payment and Appointment". Choose payment mode > Next > Schedule appointment > Next > Pay and book appointment. You will receive an SMS on your given mobile number regarding appointment details, which you can use to enter the passport center on the day of your appointment. Next, your parents need to visit the PSK location where you booked the appointment and go through document verification. At PSK, there are three stages of document verification, and once it's completed, they will return all the documents to you including your existing passport. They will verify your application details, signature, and original documents. The whole process will take approximately 30 to 60 minutes. Passport Renewal Tracking After the document verification in person, you just need to wait for police verification. In my case, police verification was done within 3 days, and the passport was dispatched within a week. My parents received the passport 7 days after the interview. You can track the status of your passport by selecting the appropriate ARN number and clicking on "Track Application Status". FAQs on Indian Passport Renewal in India How long does passport renewal take in India? For normal processing, it can take anywhere between 4 to 6 weeks. The duration largely depends on when you secure the appointment and how swiftly the police verification proceeds. In my case, following the appointment, the police verification for both parents was completed the very next day. Subsequently, one passport was received within a week, while the second passport arrived within 2 weeks. How to check appointment availability before initiating the application? You can check the available dates using this link. You don't need an online account or any payment to view available slots. However, you do need to make the payment to confirm the slot. How to apply for passport renewal after expiry in India? The process remains the same for the renewal of expired Indian passports. Log in to the Passport Seva Online Portal. Click on the "Apply for Fresh Passport/Re-issue of Passport" link. Fill in the required details in the form and submit it. Then, on the "View Saved/Submitted Applications" screen, click the "Pay and Schedule Appointment" link to schedule an appointment, and visit PSK (Passport Seva Kendra). Can I bring my phone to PSK during the passport renewal appointment? Yes, you can bring your phone to the PSK during the appointment. Will my passport number change after the renewal? Yes, the passport number will change after renewal. However, you can find the old passport number on the new passport. What will happen to the visa stamps on the old passport? Your visa stamps remain valid on the old passport. The passport office will not punch a hole in the old passport. However, whenever you are traveling, you have to carry both passports. Next: B1/B2 visa for parents Related Posts ✔ B1/B2 visa interview questions for parents ✔ How to get H4 EAD in 15 days ✔ How to extend B1/B2 visa beyond 6 months? Related Topics

A J1 visa holder can stay in the US for a maximum stay of 5 years as long as they maintain a valid DS-2019. If your visa and DS-2019 have already expired, the J1 visa grace period is 30 days to leave the US. Many of us wonder how we can extend our stay beyond 5 years to continue our work in the US or for any other reason. In this article, I'm sharing my personal experience and observations from people I've known. In most cases, the J1 visa holders are subjected to a 2-year home residency rule, often referred to as the 212(e) rule. If you have the 2-year home residency requirement, it won't stop you from coming back to the US as a student (F-1 student visa) or tourist (B1/B2 visa) in the future. However, it will stop you from getting a work visa (H-1B) or becoming a permanent resident (green card), unless you fulfill the 2-year home residency requirement or get a waiver. Also, those with J status who are subject to 212(e) two-year home country physical requirement may not change status from J1 to F1 or B1/B2 visa within the US unless a waiver has been granted. Here is what USCIS mentions about changing your nonimmigrant status. Table of Contents: How to Stay in the US After J1 Visa Expires J1 visa grace period How long can I stay after the J1 visa expires? How to stay in the U.S. after a J1 visa expires? J1 to H1B J1 to Green Card J1 to B1/B2 J1 to F1 Please note that I am not a lawyer, and I'm providing this information to offer assistance based on my experiences. I'd be happy to answer any questions you have in the comments section below. If someone wants to stay beyond 5 years after their J1 visa expires the first thing they should do is to obtain a J1 visa waiver from the Department of Homeland Security. One has to start applying for a waiver before their 5-year period ends on a J1 visa. Obtaining a J-1 waiver is a lengthy process, so it's crucial to start the waiver process on time. Related: How to get a J1 waiver? How long can I stay after the J1 visa expires? If someone is unable to obtain the waiver before their five-year period expires on a J1 visa, they must leave the US and return to their home country, where they are required to spend two years to fulfill the home residency 212(e) requirement. Alternatively, they can apply for a J1 waiver from their home country if they don't wish to wait for two years. However, if you have already obtained a J1 waiver, you are eligible to apply for a change of status to other types of visas. Related: How to expedite a J1 waiver? How to stay in the U.S. after a J1 visa expires? Firstly, by obtaining a J1 waiver, you become eligible to apply for other visa types like H1B, L1, O1, Green Card, etc. Discuss with your employer before your J1 visa expires to ensure that they initiate the process of filing for your new visa (I-539 or change of status) before the J1 visa's expiry. J1 to H1B Visa To convert from a J1 visa to an H1B visa, if you are working at a university or institute as a postdoc, you can consult with your professor and the international office to determine if they are willing to sponsor you for a new visa. Typically, they can provide support for an academic H1B and can initiate the filing process six months before your J1 visa expires. Remember that either you need a waiver or you have to fulfill a 2-year home residency to convert from a J1 to an H1B visa. Related: How to apply for H4 EAD? The good thing about the academic H1B is that it's not part of the regular H1B lottery and can be filed at any time during the year. It's crucial to stay on top of everything because falling out of status can result in an illegal stay in the US, which could impact your future visa or green card applications. H1B can be filed through premium processing, which means you should receive a response from USCIS within 15 calendar days. It's essential to discuss all of this with your employer. Similarly, if someone is willing to sponsor you for an O1 visa, it's advisable to plan well in advance. You can read about J1 to H1B in detail in the following blog. Related: J1 to H1B: Change of Status J1 to Green Card Secondly, a J1 visa holder can apply for a green card (EB1a or EB1b) within the 5-year timeframe of a J1 visa. This was my journey as well. I began my J1 waiver process when I entered my third year on the J1 visa, and it took nearly a year to obtain the J1 waiver. Simultaneously, I initiated my green card application, and by the end of my fifth year on a J1 visa, I had received my green card. You can read about my green card journey here. Related: J1 visa to Green Card I understand that obtaining a green card while on a J1 visa can be challenging and may not be feasible for everyone. Therefore, it's important to maintain any type of legal visa status while your green card application is pending with USCIS. In my case, I pursued the EB1a green card application. However, if your employer is willing to file for the EB1b category, it could save you a significant amount of money and potentially increase your chances of approval. This is because you would have your employer's support for your case. I highly recommend discussing the possibility of EB1b with your boss, manager, or employer. You can read about EB1a vs EB1b in detail in the following blog. Related: EB1a vs EB1b J1 to B1/B2 Visa Lastly, if you can't find a sponsor in time, already obtained a waiver, and are still looking for a job when your 30-day J1 visa grace period is ending, you can talk to a lawyer (or do it yourself) and apply for a B1/B2 visa. You can refer to the following blog for a change of status to B2. Related: Change of status to B2 This way, you can stay in the U.S. legally while you continue your job search. When you get a job offer, your future employer can start the process for an H1B or another type of visa. But be aware that this option has a drawback, as it may require you to spend all your savings on living expenses. J1 to F1 Visa You can also change your status to an F1 visa. However, if you're on a J-1 visa and have to fulfill the two-year home country requirement, you can't change your status from J-1 to F-1 or B-1/B-2 within the U.S. You have to leave the country and apply for F1 or B1/B2 tourist visa from outside to re-enter the US. Thank you! Please feel free to comment if you have any questions, and I will do my best to assist you. Next: Change of Status to B2 Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ How to apply for a B2 visa for parents? ✔ Green card priority date for India ✔ How to withdraw a change of status request? Related Topics

J1 Waiver India Process - As we begin Stage 2 of the J1 visa waiver application process, I assume you've already read my previous blog on J1 visa waiver (Stage 1) and received the cover letter specifying the Indian offices where you need to obtain the clearance certificates. Related: J1 waiver lawyer I am Hina Singh, a post-doctoral research scientist and I have completed the J1 visa waiver process. I am sharing my experience to assist others in obtaining a J1 visa waiver more easily. I had to refer to multiple blogs and videos, which was time-consuming. Therefore, I have divided the entire J1 visa waiver process into four sections. Introduction J1 Waiver: Stage 1 J1 Waiver: Stage 2 J1 Waiver: Stage 3 Table of Contents: J1 Waiver India Process J1 Visa Waiver - Stage 2 NORI Certificate from Passport Office MHRD NORI NORI Stage 2 Documents RPO Addresses Home Department Addresses FAQs on NORI J1 Visa Waiver - Stage 2 The cover letter you obtained in Stage 1 would state that the NORI certificate will be issued after you obtain clearance from the following authorities. Regional passport office (RPO): This refers to the office where your initial passport was issued. The Ministry of Human Resource and Development, New Delhi (MHRD): This is an online process, please follow this link to upload all the required documents and complete the process. Department of Home State in India: The state where you belong (refer to the address indicated on your passport). NORI Certificate from Passport Office These days, some consulates do not require RPO clearance and your cover letter should mention this. In my case, it was not required. Please ensure that this is the case with your consulate. I have also compiled a list of all Indian consulates and their details, which can be helpful. You can refer to this link. MHRD NORI The MHRD NORI process is straightforward. Just follow this link and create your login ID, upload all the necessary documents, and the NORI site will guide you through. Related: How to update address during J1 waiver After you submit everything, it will take approximately 3-6 weeks to receive the clearance certificate. The certificate will be sent to you via email, so please make sure to provide the correct email address. Please remember that they process applications in batches, typically with 1-20 people in each batch, so it may take some time. You can always check your NORI application status by logging in to the same website. NORI Stage 2 Documents The Department of Home State refers to your current residence in India. In my case, it was Uttar Pradesh, and this step can be quite tedious. The document list might vary depending on the Home Department of the State, but in general, it should remain the same. So, please ensure you have all your supporting documents ready. Cover letter (i.e., a brief letter explaining why I am sending these documents; you can find it here) Attested statement and affidavit (bio-data and affidavit) Self-attested copies of passport and visa Self-attested copies of certificates (Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc., and High School) DS-2019 Resume Related: Can I convert from a J1 visa to a green card You can either mail your documents to the secretariat of your home department or visit there in person. If you have family relatives or parents available, you can ask them to submit your documents on your behalf. It may take some time because you need to locate the person responsible for the NORI department, as the secretariat office has multiple departments. I recommend visiting the office in person or asking someone to go on your behalf. Once your documents are accepted by the secretariat, the administration will forward them for police verification and District Magistrate (DM) office clearance. A police inquiry will be conducted to verify your address and documents. They may visit your home address, contact the phone number you provided in your bio-data/affidavit, or ask your parents to visit the police station. In my case, my dad received the call and went to the police station. Related: How to expedite your J1 waiver Your parents will need to submit an affidavit on your behalf, confirming that you have no outstanding loans or criminal activities and that they have no objections to your stay in the US. They should also provide other necessary documents, such as ID proof, as guided by the police. The specific requirements may vary depending on the state. A separate file will be sent to your respective District Magistrate (DM) for their signature, which they should then send back to the secretariat office. Please follow up with both the police office and the DM office. It took me 3-4 months to complete this clearance process end-to-end, and it was slower due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Related: How to apply for J2 EAD Once the secretariat receives no objection from DM and Police then they will e-mail you your clearance certificate and simultaneously post it to the Indian government, New Delhi. The Indian government will send one physical copy of the certificate to your physical address in the US and another copy to the Indian consulate office in the US. Receiving a physical copy might take 1-2 months, so be patient. If you don't receive the physical copy, contact your consulate in the USA via email to inquire if the emailed copy will suffice. A friend of mine faced the same issue (never receiving a physical copy), and CGI-SF confirmed that an email scan copy would also be accepted. Please follow up at this step regularly; otherwise, the process may become significantly slower, or your case might be forgotten. If possible, obtain a contact number from the NORI office to stay updated. In my case, a gentleman at the secretariat office kindly provided his number and guided me through the process. Sample NORI Certificate (Home State) Please message me in the comment section if you have any queries. I will try to answer your question. Regional Passport Offices Addresses (India) I tried to find addresses for Passport Offices from different states by looking at other websites because many people asked for them. I haven't used these addresses myself so they might be wrong. Please let me know in the comments if you find any mistakes, and I'll fix them. Thanks for helping others in advance. Note: For the RPO links provided below, Click the reference link > Go to Contact Us > Passport > Regional Passport Officer and you will find all the information (including RPO contact details like phone and email addresses). Regional Passport Office in Andhra Pradesh Regional Passport Officer Near P.F. Office, Beside Rythu Bazar, Marripalem VUDA Lay out, NAD Post, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530009 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Haryana Regional Passport Officer SCO 28-32, Sector 34-A Chandigarh-160022 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Maharashtra Videsh Bhavan, Bandra Kurla Complex, Plot No C-45,G Block, Bandra (East), Mumbai-400051 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Madhya Pradesh Regional Passport Office, Ministry of External Affairs. Arera Hills, Bhopal (M.P.)-462011 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Rajasthan J-14, Jhalana Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongri, Jaipur, Rajasthan-302051 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in West Bengal 4 Brabourne Road, 1st floor, Kolkata, West Bengal-700001 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Karnataka 8th Block, 80 Feet Road, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka-560095 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Kerala Eranhipalam Post, Kozhikode, Kerala-673006 Reference: Link Regional Passport Office in Gujarat Regional Passport Office Opp: L.D. Engg College Hostel University Road, Gulbai Tekra Ahmedabad, Gujarat India - 380 006 Reference: Link Note: If you don't find your city above, please visit this link and select your city > Contact Us > Passport > Regional Passport Officer, for example: Home Department Addresses (India) Same for Home Department addresses, I haven't used these addresses myself, so they might be wrong. Please double-check before sending your documents. If you find any mistakes, please let me know in the comments, and I'll fix them. Thanks for helping others in advance. Home Department in Delhi Secretary, Home Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, 5th Level, 'C' Wing, Delhi Secretariat, I.P. Estate, New Delhi- 110002 Home Department in Andhra Pradesh The Deputy Secretary Government of Andhra Pradesh Home Department III Floor, Secretariat, Hyderabad - 500022 Reference: Link Home Department Office in Haryana The Secretary to Government Home Department Haryana Civil Secretariat Chandigarh - 160001, Haryana, India Reference: Link Home Department in Maharashtra Principal Secretary - (Special) Home Department 9th Floor, New Administrative Building Opp. Mantralaya Mumbai - 400032, Maharashtra, India Reference: Link Home Department in Tamil Nadu The Secretary Home (Citz II) Department Government of Tamil Nadu Secretariat, Fort St. George Chennai - 600009, Tamilnadu, India Reference: Link Home Department in Madhya Pradesh The Principal Secretary to Government Department of Home Govt of Madhya Pradesh Vallabh Bhawan Bhopal - 462004, Madhya Pradesh, India Reference: Link Home Department in Jharkhand Secretary to the Government Department of Home Project Bhavan, Ranchi, Jharkhand Reference: Link Home Department in Rajasthan The Principal Secretary to Government Department of Home Govt. of Rajasthan Secretariat Jaipur - 302005, Rajasthan, India Home Department in West Bengal The Principal Secretary Home Department, Foreigners Branch, Government of West Bengal Writers Building Kolkata 700 001, West Bengal, INDIA Home Department in Uttar Pradesh Under Secretary Home (Visa) Section-4 7th Floor, Room No. 703 C-Block, Lok Bhawan Lucknow, UP - 226001 FAQs: J1 Waiver India Process What is the NORI certificate? A No Obligation to Return to India (NORI) Certificate is required by a person who has been in the USA on a J-1 visa and has applied to the Embassy/Consulate General of India (CGI) to waive the condition of two years' physical presence in India after the visa period ends. Before issuing the waiver, the Embassy/CGI requests the J-1 visa holder to obtain NORI from the Ministry of Human Resource Development. Which RPO (Regional Passport Office) should I reach out to for a J1 waiver? According to CGI-SF, you need to reach out to the Regional Passport Office/ Passport Issuing authority from where the applicant has been issued the Passport. Next: J1 Waiver India (Stage 3) Related Posts ✔ Go to Main Menu ✔ J1 visa to H1B ✔ J1 visa to green card Related Topics